Characterization of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Isolates from Diseased Pigs in 15 Chinese Provinces from 2012 to 2018.

Chao Wu,Qiang Zhang,Xiaomei Sun,Ying Yang,Chao Kang,Weifeng Zhu,Liang Liu,Meilin Jin,Ting Wang,Ya Zhao,Changjie Lv

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9122615

Chao Wu, Qiang Zhang + Show 9 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122615

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Journal: Microorganisms	Publication Date: Dec 17, 2021
Citations: 6	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Huazhong Agricultural University

Abstract

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae can cause erysipelas in animals and erysipeloid in humans. Since its recurrence in 2012, swine erysipelas has caused serious losses within the pig industry in China. The aim of this study was to perform multilocus sequence typing and understand the virulence and antimicrobial susceptibility of E. rhusiopathiae isolates in China. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of a total of 120 strains was performed, and as a result, three different sequence types were identified, of which ST48 was the main one. Five isolates of each MLST type were randomly selected to be used to challenge mice. ST48 was associated with a higher virulence. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using a microdilution technique and, to analyze the resistance mechanism, six strains were selected for genome sequencing. A comparison of the six genomes indicated the presence of a suspected macrolide resistance gene, namely, Erm(A)-like, in erythromycin-resistant strains, which increased the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of erythromycin against E. coli C600 at least four-fold. In addition, three mutations (gyrA86T-I, gyrA90D-N, and parC81S-I) were observed in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of gyrA and parC in quinolone-resistant strains. After the gyrA gene with the 86T-I mutation or the parC gene with the 81S-I mutation was transfected into E. coli C600, the MIC of enrofloxacin against this strain increased at least two-fold. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for developing antibacterial drugs and may contribute to the clinical prevention and control of E. rhusiopathiae.

Highlights

Erm(T) was not detected in the bacteteria. These results indicated the Erm(A)-like was widely distributed in the ria. These results indicated that that the Erm(A)-like gene gene was widely distributed in the erytherythromycin-resistant strains of rhusiopathiae isolated in romycin-resistant strains of E. rhusiopathiae isolated in China
Our results indicate that the three mutants, namely, gyrA86T-I, gyrA90D-N, and parC81S-I, were widely distributed in the quinolone resistancedetermining regions (QRDRs) of gyrA and parC in Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae isolated in China
The sequence types of E. rhusiopathiae isolated in Europe, Australia, and the United States are mainly ST3, ST9, and ST19 [2]

Summary

Introduction

Strain 1 (serotype 13), and Erysipelothrix sp. Strain 2 (serotype 18) [1,2]. E. rhusiopathiae is a small, Gram-positive, slender, straight, rod-shaped bacterium that causes erysipelas in swine and many other animals [3,4,5,6,7,8]. Swine erysipelas can cause pyrexia, lameness, characteristic diamond skin lesions, and even sudden death in growing and adult swine [9]. It occurs worldwide, causing huge economic loss [10,11,12]. E. rhusiopathiae is a zoonotic pathogen that can cause a skin disease called erysipeloid in humans

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