Characterization of Engine Variable Cam Phaser Fluid Dynamics and Phaser's Ability to Reject System Disturbances

Abstract

Vane type cam phasers have been widely used in internal combustion engines to vary valve timing to achieve purposes such as low emissions, greater torque, and higher horsepower. One of the primary concerns in using a vane phaser is its position holding ability when disturbances are present. Disturbances include cam torque oscillation, cam pulley speed fluctuation, oil pressure fluctuation, and engine acceleration or deceleration. Cam torque disturbance is the biggest contributor to phaser position error. This paper will first present the generic schematic of a variable cam phasing system and its challenges, followed by the characterization of the fluid dynamics of the vane phaser, with an emphasis on the effects of pressure, leakage, and oil aeration on the vane phaser fluid dynamics and its ability to reject cam torque disturbance. Finally, numerical evaluations of the vane phaser's ability to reject cam torque disturbance and sensitivity to various system parameters will be presented.