Characterization of Electrochemical and Biocompatibility of Zinc Oxide Coating Electrodeposited on Commercial Pure Titanium Alloy

Abstract

This study examines how the duration of electrodeposition affects the morphology and electrochemical characteristics of zinc oxide coatings applied to a pure titanium substrate. The morphology of the coating and the phases present within it are analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and the X‐ray diffraction technique. The coating's resistance to corrosion in a phosphate‐buffered saline solution is evaluated using two electrochemical methods: impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization tests. The surface roughness of the coated samples is assessed using interferometry. The results demonstrate that an increase in electrodeposition time, ranging from 150 to 1200 s, leads to an enhanced texture intensity in the (0002) and (010) planes of the ZnO coating. Furthermore, the thickness of the ZnO crystals and surface roughness increases by factors of 3.25 and 2.79, respectively, as the deposition time is extended. This extended duration results in the formation of larger needle‐shaped and flower‐like ZnO crystals, leading to a significantly nonuniform structure. Correspondingly, the corrosion rate also increases as the electrodeposition time is extended from 150 to 1200 s, rising from 0.001951 to 9.117 μm year−1. The lowest corrosion rate (1.654 μm year−1) is achieved in coatings deposited for 300 s using a potential of 3 V.