Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the incidence of CD and CP viruses in Cairo, Egypt. In a private Vet. Clinic in Cairo, five local breed puppies of about 3-5 months of age were supposed to be infected with the virus of canine distemper (CDV) showing fever, runny nose, salivation and coughing. Another 6 German Shepard and 4 Gryphon puppies of about 6-9 months of age were suffered from fever and bloody diarrhea suspected to be infected with canine parvovirus (CPV). All of these puppies had no history of vaccination. Trials of virus segregation in Vero and MDCK cell lines and usage of virus neutralization test (VNT) using specific anti-CD and anti-CP sera revealed that 3 out of 5 nasal swabs were positive to CD virus and 3 out of 10 fecal swabs were positive to CPV. These results were confirmed by Rt-PCR showing positive amplification with CD and CP, respectively. So, we could say that VNT and Rt-PCR are essential assays to identify CD and CP viruses and puppy vaccination should not be neglected to protect them against such diseases.
Highlights
Infectious diseases threaten dogs like other animal species
The recorded clinical signs in puppies suffering from fever, vomiting and bloody diarrhea directed the attention toward canine parvovirus infection where such symptoms were stated by Black et al, 1979; Woods et al, 1980; Rofaida et al, 2018; Mohamed et al, 2020 and Rabie et al, 2021)
Infection of Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Epithelial (MDCK) (Madin-Darby Canine Kidney) cell line with the prepared fecal samples from suspected Canine Parvo (CP) infected dogs; through three successive passages revealed that 3 samples out of 10 showed cell rounding and aggregation followed by cell lysis and detachment of the cell sheet
Summary
Infectious diseases threaten dogs like other animal species. Viral infections represent the most dramatic diseases affecting dog populations as Canine Distemper (CD) and Canine Parvo (CP). They usually end with death if the infected dogs did not crescive the correct treatment and management. Canine distemper virus infects the wild and domestic species of dogs, pandas, coyotes, wolves, foxes, skunks, raccoons, and large cats (Ikeda et al, 2001). The CD infection can be accompanied by secondary bacteriological infection and can present eventual earnest neurological signs (Ikeda et al, 2001)
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