Characterization of Early Non-responders within Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment

Abstract

Objectives: Given that low early (4 weeks) weight loss (WL) predicts longer-term WL, the purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with poor early WL. Methods: We had 438 adults with overweight/obesity participating in an Internet-delivered behavioral WL program provide weights at baseline and 4 weeks. Participants were stratified by percent WL at 4 weeks: LOW: < 2% WL, MEDIUM: 2 to < 4% WL, HIGH: ≥ 4% WL and groups were compared on baseline variables (demographics, physical activity, and psychosocial measures) and 4-week intervention adherence. Results: Respectively, 37.4%, 40.9%, and 21.7% of participants had LOW, MEDIUM, and HIGH early WL. LOW was more likely to be female compared to HIGH and less likely to be non-Hispanic white compared to MEDIUM and HIGH (p's<0.05). After controlling for demographic differences, LOW had lower baseline physical activity compared to HIGH and watched fewer video lessons, self-monitored calorie intake and weight on fewer days, and were less likely to achieve the exercise goal compared to MEDIUM and HIGH (ps < .05). Conclusion: Findings can inform future adaptive interventions that tailor treatment based upon early WL to improve WL outcomes for more individuals.