Abstract
Chromium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using cauliflower extract by two methods: simple chemical method and the sol-gel method. These technologies are new, environmentally friendly and cheap. Cauliflower contains plant materials and biomolecules (chromium, phenols, alkalis, vitamins, amino acids, quinones, etc. (that convert chromium chloride hexahydrate (CrCl3.6H2O) into chromium nanoparticles. The plant extracts also act as diluents, stabilizers and anti-caking agents. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the size of the crystals decreased from (36.1 to 57.8) nm using the simple chemical method to (13.31 to 20.68) nm of Cr2O3 using sol-gel. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that Cr2O3 NPs of the simple chemical method were Nano layers with (130.3) nm, while the Cr2O3 NPs of the sol-gel method were spherical or semispherical in shape with a particle size of (14.89 to 39.08) nm. The results obtained have no matches in the reported literature.. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) showed that the band gap energy of Cr2O3 NPs of the simple chemical method was 2.5 eV, while it was 3.4 eV for Cr2O3 NPs of the sol gel method . Cr2O3 NPs of high purity , small particle size, and large energy gap were obtained from the sol-gel method This means that the NPs from the sol gel method were better than those of the simple chemical method. The study revealed that the Chromium oxide nanoparticles synthesized using cauliflower extracts could be used as antibacterial agent for human pathogenic bacteria
Highlights
The study of fine and ultrafine particles has received in-creasing interest due to the new properties that the material may show when the grain size is reduced [1]
3.1 X-ray Diffraction (XRD) of chromium oxide NPs prepared by the simple chemical method
3.5 UV-Vis properties of chromium oxide NPs prepared by the simple chemical method The samples were examined by UV-Vis spectroscopy to determine the absorbance of the
Summary
The study of fine and ultrafine particles has received in-creasing interest due to the new properties that the material may show when the grain size is reduced [1]. 2.2.1 Preparation of chromium oxide NPs by the simple chemical method Non-synthesized Cr2O3 NPs (50 mL, 1 M) and chromium chloride hexahydrate (CrCl3.6H2O) were added to 100 mL of the prepared cauliflower extract This prepared solution was placed on a magnetic stirrer at 70 ° C for 30 min.After that, the solution was left to cool to room temperature. 2.2.2 Preparation of chromium oxide NPs by the sol-gel method 5 grams of (Cauliflower) powder was used in 100 ml of distilled water and putted on the magnetic stirrer for two hours at 70 °C, 13 grams of chromium sulfate is taken with 50 ml of distilled water for 10 minutes on the magnetic stirrer and filtered using filter paper and after filtering, a centrifuge is used at 15,000 cycles for 10 minutes CrCl3 is added over the plant extract for half an hour on the magnetic stirrer, and it is placed on to turn it into a gel After that, and place on the magnetic stirrer.
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