Abstract
Composite reverse osmosis membranes were prepared by interfacially polymerizing aromatic polyamide discriminating layers on the inside surface of microporous polyethersulfone hollow fibers and on the surface of flat sheet polysulfone ultrafilters. The salt rejection and flux of these membranes were measured at various feed pressures. From these measurements, the membrane reflection coefficients, salt permeances and hydraulic permeances were estimated. Neither the polysulfone ultrafilters nor the microporous polyethersulfone hollow fibers possessed any inherent salt rejecting capability. Both had a hydraulic permeance at least two orders of magnitude greater than that of the respective composite membranes. Consequently, it was concluded that the estimated transport parameters for both composite membranes were characteristics exclusively of thier polyamide discriminating layers. Comparison of these transport parameters generated insight into structural and functional aspects of the membrane that could not be visualized by scanning electron microscopy.
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