Abstract
BackgroundA classification of cardiac- and respiratory-driven components of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) motion has been demonstrated using echo planar imaging and time-spatial labeling inversion pulse techniques of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, quantitative characterization of the two motion components has not been performed to date. Thus, in this study, the velocities and displacements of the waveforms of the two motions were quantitatively evaluated based on an asynchronous two-dimensional (2D) phase-contrast (PC) method followed by frequency component analysis.MethodsThe effects of respiration and cardiac pulsation on CSF motion were investigated in 7 healthy subjects under guided respiration using asynchronous 2D-PC 3-T MRI. The respiratory and cardiac components in the foramen magnum and aqueduct were separated, and their respective fractions of velocity and amount of displacement were compared.ResultsFor velocity in the Sylvian aqueduct and foramen magnum, the fraction attributable to the cardiac component was significantly greater than that of the respiratory component throughout the respiratory cycle. As for displacement, the fraction of the respiratory component was significantly greater than that of the cardiac component in the aqueduct regardless of the respiratory cycle and in the foramen magnum in the 6- and 10-s respiratory cycles. There was no significant difference between the fractions in the 16-s respiratory cycle in the foramen magnum.ConclusionsTo separate cardiac- and respiratory-driven CSF motions, asynchronous 2D-PC MRI was performed under respiratory guidance. For velocity, the cardiac component was greater than the respiratory component. In contrast, for the amount of displacement, the respiratory component was greater.
Highlights
A classification of cardiac- and respiratory-driven components of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) motion has been demonstrated using echo planar imaging and time-spatial labeling inversion pulse techniques of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Summary of the velocities and displacement of the respiratory and cardiac components of the CSF at the Sylvian aqueduct and the foramen magnum are shown in Tables 1, 2
In results for both the Sylvian aqueduct and the foramen magnum, the cardiac component was significantly greater than the respiratory component (p = 0.002) throughout the three different respiratory cycles
Summary
A classification of cardiac- and respiratory-driven components of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) motion has been demonstrated using echo planar imaging and time-spatial labeling inversion pulse techniques of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, the velocities and displacements of the waveforms of the two motions were quantitatively evaluated based on an asynchronous two-dimensional (2D) phase-contrast (PC) method followed by frequency component analysis. Intracranial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) motion changes with cardiac and respiratory rhythms [1]. To visualize the cardiac- and respiratory-driven CSF motions separately, Yamada et al [8] used a spinlabeling technique called time-spatial labeling inversion pulse (Time-SLIP). Yatsushiro et al [12] used the 2-dimensional phase-contrast (2D-PC) technique to classify intracranial CSF motion into cardiac and respiratory components and expressed these by means of correlation mapping
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
