Abstract
Abstract Carbon black (CB) is often incorporated in polymeric materials in order to modify their properties. The final properties of composite materials containing CB depend on, among other things, the nature of the carbon black, its concentration and its degree of dispersion. Therefore, there is a need to accurately characterize the degree of dispersion of carbon black in polymers. Although techniques based on optical microscopy can be used for detecting large agglomerates, they do not have the resolution to accurately quantify dispersions of particles having diameters less than 0.25 microns. Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) has the potential of being a useful and efficient tool for characterizing dispersions on length scales ranging from the order of 0.01 to 0.1 micron. The method is quick and provides an average value of the average agglomerate size through indirect measurements of the correlation length and the inner specific surface area. On the other hand. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) a...
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