Characterization of Breast Tissue by Ultrasonic Visualization Methods

Abstract

With appropriate instrumentation, ultrasonic visualization provides a rapid, nondestructive method for obtaining cross-sectional pictures of breast, with the significant capability of detecting abnormalities of both large and small dimensions (a cubic millimeter of tissue or less). No cumulative effects are produced in the tissue by application of such methods, and changes in breast tissue over long periods of time can be followed. In the investigation reported here, a detailed ultrasonic visualization study was carried out on normal subjects, ranging in age from 20 to 70 yr and on subjects with specified pathologies. Excised breast tissue, both normal and pathological, was also examined by the ultrasonic method. One of the primary goals of this study is early detection of breast tissue conditions that may represent precursors to pathological developments. The instrumentation techniques applied included the incorporation of an on-line computer as an integral part of the experiment. [The work upon which this publication is based was performed under contract with the U. S. Public Health Service, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. William J. Fry originated the over-all instrumentalism approach and in particular, the unique application of the computer to the ultrasonic visualization study of biological tissue, as used in this study. Professor Fry died prior to carrying out his planned experiments on breast tissue.]