Abstract
As a carbonaceous microporous solid, biochar, a product of biomass pyrolysis, has various energy, environmental, and agricultural applications. This study investigated slow pyrolysis of hinoki cypress for temperatures in the range 350–600 °C using a fixed bed reactor to establish the product yields and properties. The biochar yield decreased from 32.7% at 350 °C to 20.7% at 600 °C, accompanied by an increase in carbon content to a maximum of 91.6%. The microporous structure rapidly develops in biochar at 500 °C. The pH of biochar gradually increased from approximately 8 at 350 °C to 9 at 600 °C. The bio-oil had energy yields in the range 32%–42%, containing various heavy compounds with a large proportion of water. Including the noncondensable gases, the byproducts had energy yields exceeding 45%, which is much larger than that required for pyrolysis, and therefore, their energy recovery should be considered for the efficient production of biochar.
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