Abstract
Fabaceae is the third largest family containing great variation among populations. However, previous studies mainly focus on single species, and phytochemicals at population level have never been reported. This work aims to complete this knowledge with 50 populations from throughout Thailand by (1) determining total phenolic (TPC), flavonoid (TFC), and anthocyanin (TAC) contents; and (2) investigating in vitro and cellular antioxidant potentials. Phytochemicals of 50 populations from different localities are differed, illustrating high heterogeneity occurring in polyphenols accumulations. Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis populations showed low variability in TPC ranging from 628.3 to 717.3 mg/100 g DW gallic acid equivalent, whereas the high variability found in TFC and TAC range from 786.9 to 1536.1 mg/100 g DW quercetin equivalent, and 13.4 to 41.6 mg/100 g DW cyanidin equivalent. Red cultivar population #16 had the greatest TAC, but surprisingly the cream cultivars were relatively high in anthocyanins. HPLC quantification of genistein and daidzein showed great variations among populations. In vitro antioxidant results indicated that antioxidant capacity mediated by electron transfer. Cellular antioxidants ranged from 59.7% to 87.9% of ROS/RNS in yeast model. This study investigated at the population level contributing to better and frontier knowledge for nutraceutical/phytopharmaceutical sectors to seek potential raw plant material.
Highlights
Fabaceae, or the so-called Leguminosae, is the third largest plant family which consists of more than 19,000 species distributed worldwide [1]
After the intense searching for the leaving plant materials in the fields, the 50 Fabaceae populations of the ten species were collected from the different localities covering the entirety of the floristic regions in Thailand for this study, as can be seen in Table 1 and Figure S1
Our results reveal a comprehensive picture of the various phenolic compounds that may have a health-promoting effect on humans within the beans of 50 edible Fabaceae populations from Thailand
Summary
The so-called Leguminosae, is the third largest plant family which consists of more than 19,000 species distributed worldwide [1]. This family consists of terrestrial flowering plants, which usually have compound leave with 3-foliolate or 4-foliolate, raceme inflorescences with actinomorphic or bilaterally symmetrical flowers. A large number of Fabaceae species are the important economic plant crops of the world. This plant family is the second most important economic crop plant, following
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