Abstract
This study investigated the distribution of bacterium categories isolated from poultry feces and litters on commercial laying hen farms in Remo and Egba local government areas, Ogun State, Nigeria. In total 29 species of lactose and non-lactose fermenters were recovered. Bacteria isolated from feces included Aeromonas hydrophila (27.5%), Providencia stuartii (15.5%), Actinobacillus sp. (9.1%), Burkholderia cepacia (7.7%), Serratia marcescens (4.9%), Citrobacter diversus (4.9%), Klebsiella oxytoca (4.2%), and Enterobacter gergoviae (4.2%). Others were Escherichia coli (2.1%), Plesiomonas shigelloides (2.1%), Vibrio alginolyticus (2.1%), Morganella morganii (2.1%), Pantoea agglomerans (1.4%), Vibrio mimicus (1.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.4%), Burkholderia pseudomallei (1.4%), Salmonella arizonae (0.7%), Klebsiella pneumonia (0.7%), Acinetobacter iwoffii (0.7%), Vibrio vulnificus (0.7%), Shewanella putrefaciens (0.7%), Proteus mirabilis (0.7%) and Proteus vulgaris (0.7%). There was 66.7% similarity between the bacterium profile of litters and that of feces; some additional strains were identified in the litters. No variation (p = 0.64) was observed in the number of isolated bacterium types from feces and litter samples. However, the number of bacterium types isolated from fecal samples differed (p = 0.002) between the two studied areas. Results suggest that there is a potential risk of wide-range bacterial transmission within poultry populations, and to humans in close contact with them.
Highlights
The poultry industry in Nigeria has been rapidly expanding in past years despite having faced several challenges such as the avian influenza outbreak in 2006 (Fagbamila et al, 2017)
This study investigated the distribution of bacterium categories isolated from poultry feces and litters on commercial laying hen farms in Remo and Egba local government areas, Ogun State, Nigeria
We investigated and described diverse enteric bacterium types (Gram-negative bacilli) present in poultry feces and litters from commercial laying hen farms in Egba and Remo local government areas of Ogun State, Nigeria
Summary
The poultry industry in Nigeria has been rapidly expanding in past years despite having faced several challenges such as the avian influenza outbreak in 2006 (Fagbamila et al, 2017). Prospects have been hampered by several factors such as morbidity and mortality caused by enteric bacterial diseases, which are on the increase in the poultry industry in Nigeria (Ojo et al, 2012). Common bacterial diseases of poultry birds with huge impact on production and health in Nigeria include Escherichia coli, Salmonella serotypes and other enteric pathogens (Lutful Kabir, 2010). Fecal contamination of poultry and poultry products with pathogens such as Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas and others have shown to constitute problems in food hygiene and processing, with increasing poultry meat spoilage and pathogen dissemination to consumers
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