Abstract
Identification of patterns of formation of bacterial communities of the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of potato (Solanum tuberosumL.), the most important agricultural crop, is necessary for the introduction and maintenance of sustainable organic farming. The purpose of this work was the study of the biodiversity of the bacterial microbiota of the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of Early Zhukovsky potato, cultivated on gray forest soils. Comparative analysis based on sequencing of the 16S R RNA gene showed a significant difference in the representation of different groups of bacteria in these potato root compartments. Thus, the proportions of the dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of theProteobacteriaphylum reach 47.66% ± 7.22 % and 86.35 % ± 0.53%, respectively (P< 0.05). In contrast, the representation of phylumBacteroidetesandFirmicutesin the rhizosphere is significantly higher and reaches 41.45 % ± 10.42% and 6.49 % ± 3.23%, respectively, compared to the rhizoplane (7.84 % ± 1.24 % and 0.43 % ± 0.48 %, (P< 0.05). At the same time,Actinobacteriaphylum bacteria are present in both compartments in approximately equal amounts (4.40 % ± 1.81% in the rhizosphere and 5.37 % ± 1.42% in the rhizoplane). Thus, it was found that potato forms different bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane in quantitative proportions, which is probably determined by the functional role of these microorganisms in the plant physiology.
Highlights
The plant microbiota integrates the microbial community of the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, phyllosphere and endosphere zone of plants [1]
A comparative analysis was performed based on sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of bacterial communities of the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of potato plants of the Early Zhukovsky variety grown on gray forest soils in the Republic of Tatarstan
The microbial community of the rhizosphere of all samples was dominated by bacteria of the Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes phylum
Summary
The plant microbiota integrates the microbial community of the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, phyllosphere and endosphere zone of plants [1]. In the near-root zone of plants, the greatest number of microorganisms is present, and it is the soil that is the reservoir of microbes for the plant microbiome formation [2], and the rhizosphere is one of the most complex ecosystems on Earth [3]. The near-root zone is a special niche consisting of a more complex microbial community than other plant organs. It is believed that microorganisms that colonize various plant organs and tissues contain the second genome of the plant [9]. In this regard, interactions between microorganisms and plants that ensure plant health and can ensure sustainable crop production in changing agricultural conditions are actively studied [10]
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