Characterization of anatomical structures using panoramic X-rays: Part II: Mandibular incisive canal

Abstract

IntroductionThe mandibular incisive canal (MIC) is the anterior extension of the mandibular canal which contains the mandibular incisive nerve and blood vessels that provide blood supply and innervation to the mandibular anterior teeth. MethodsIn order to determine the detectability, extent, and position of the MIC, conventional panoramic radiographs of 215 Chilean patients were analyzed. ResultsThe MIC was detected in 35.9% of cases, and was more frequently observed in male patients (37.5% in males and 34.7% in females) and on the right side of the mandible (44.6% in the right side and 27.4% in the left side). The results showed a tendency for the detectability of the MIC to decrease with age. The average extensions of the MIC on the right and left sides of the mandible were found to be 8.16mm and 5.58mm, respectively. The average minimum and maximum distances from the lower limit of MIC to the lower margin of the mandible were 11.7mm and 13.2mm, respectively. DiscussionPanoramic radiographs have limited effectiveness when being used to determine the presence, extent, and precise location of the MIC. Since there are significant differences in detectability, length, and path of the MIC between panoramic radiographs and anatomical studies, the use of cone beam (CT) scans is recommended for invasive treatments of the interforaminal jaw area.