Abstract
Summary An extremely thermophilic anaerobic bacterium (strain ES1) was isolated from a polychaete worm (genus Paralvinella ) collected from a submarine hydrothermal vent environment on the Juan de Fuca Ridge. The optimal growth temperature is 82°C with a maximum of about 91 °C. ES1 appears to be an obligate heterotroph which is capable of reducing elemental sulfur to H 2 S. Sulfur reduction does not stimulate growth appreciably but results in dramatic morphological changes. Insensitivity to the antibiotics chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and vancomycin and the presence of di- and tetra-ether phytanyl lipids indicate that ES1 is a member of the archaebacteria. Its DNA base composition of 58.6 mol% G + C distinguishes ES1 from other phenotypically similar organisms.
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