Abstract
A multiple technique approach was used to characterize the structural, chemical, and electronic properties of Co catalysts supported on Al 2O 3, SiO 2, and TiO 2 as well as Co/Mn catalysts on TiO 2. The morphology of the catalysts was studied by transmission electron microscopy followed by X-ray diffraction to determine the phase composition and the distribution of the crystallite size. The electronic properties of the calcined catalysts were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Comparison with reference data allows identification of the cobalt-containing species in the surface. In agreement with adsorption experiments, the signal intensities yield the dispersion of the applied catalysts in the sequence Co/Al 2O 3>Co/TiO 2>Co/SiO 2. Temperature-programmed reduction and oxidation reveal the formation of various oxides in dependence on temperature as well as, in case of the alumina- and titania-supported cobalt catalysts, the formation of high-temperature compounds CoAl 2O 4 and CoTiO 3, respectively. Dynamic and static adsorption studies and BET measurements complete the characterization of the supported catalysts.
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