Abstract
Enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation is caused by the thinning ozone and affects photosynthesis and crop yield. Recently, UV-B radiation has been considered as an environmental signal that regulates plant growth. Elucidating the downstream effectors in UV-B-triggered pathways is of particular interest. Previous studies have shown that actin filaments (AFs) play many roles during cell physiological processes. However, the underlying response of AFs to UV-B radiation remains unclear. In this study, wheat protoplasts were isolated from 7-d-old leaves. The dynamics of AFs during mitosis were observed under different treatments. The protoplasts were treated with UV-B radiation, cytochalasin B (CB) and jasplakinolide (JAS). Ph-FITC labelling results revealed typical actin filament structures in the control group; AFs were rearranged under UV-B radiation. AFs polymerized into bundles during interphase, the preprophase band (PPB) structure was destroyed during prophase, and the AFs gathered into plaques during metaphase in response to UV-B radiation. During anaphase and telophase, the distribution of AFs was dispersed. Pharmacologic experiments revealed that CB induced apoptosis and JAS induced nuclear division without cytokinesis in wheat protoplasts. These results indicated that AFs respond to UV-B radiation during mitosis, supplying evidence of UV-B signal transduction in plants.
Highlights
As widely distributed structures in cells, actin filaments participate in many important cellular processes in plants, including the cell cycle
Statistical analysis revealed that wheat shoot height was reduced by 53.12% compared to the control (Fig. 1b). These findings indicate that cell division rates may be responsible for the reduction in leaf growth
The total number of protoplasts decreased after 24 h (Fig. 2c), though some red protoplasts were visible at the final time point (Fig. 2d)
Summary
As widely distributed structures in cells, actin filaments participate in many important cellular processes in plants, including the cell cycle. Plant morphogenesis depends on growth and cell division in the mesophyll These conditions suggest that actin filaments play important roles in the plant response to ambient light. There has been little research on the roles of actin filaments during mitosis in wheat protoplasts. La3+ ions can be taken up into plant cells These ions affect growth via the stabilization of the cytoskeleton in Zea mays root protoplasts[13]. We focus on how actin filaments respond to UV-B radiation in wheat protoplasts during the mitosis process. Wheat protoplasts were isolated from 7-d leaves and exposed to UV-B radiation. The results further our understanding of the possible mechanisms of UV-B-induced responses in plant leaves and supply evidence of the UV-B signalling pathways in plants
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