Abstract
A themophilic cellulase-producing bacterium was isolated from a hot spring district and identified as Geobacillus sp. HTA426. The cellulase enzyme produced by the Geobacillus sp. HTA426 was purified through ammonium sulfate precipitation and ion exchange chromatography, with the recovery yield and fold purification of 10.14% and 5.12, respectively. The purified cellulase has a molecular weight of 40 kDa. The optimum temperature and pH for carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activity of the purified cellulase were 60°C and pH 7.0, respectively. The enzyme was also stable over a wide temperature range of 50°C to 70°C after 5 h of incubation. Moreover, the strain HTA426 was able to grow and produce cellulase on alkali-treated sugarcane bagasse, rice straw and water hyacinth as carbon sources. Enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse, which was regarded as the most effective carbon source for cellulase production (CMCase activity = 103.67 U/mL), followed by rice straw (74.70 U/mL) and water hyacinth (51.10 U/mL). This strain producing an efficient thermostable cellulose is a potential candidate for developing a more efficient and cost-effective process for converting lignocellulosic biomass into biofuel and other industrial process.
Highlights
The increasing of energy demands and environmental problems caused by the use of nonrenewable fossil fuels, it has become necessary to introduce alternative energy sources
Base on the calculation of the ratio of the diameter of the zone of clearance to the diameter of the colony, it was determined that these bacterial isolates demonstrated differences in their ability to degrade carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (Fig 1)
Based on its maximum zone of clearance (F5), isolate HTA426 exhibited higher carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activity (54.38 ± 0.01 U/mL) than the other strains did, and it was selected for further identification and characterization
Summary
The increasing of energy demands and environmental problems caused by the use of nonrenewable fossil fuels, it has become necessary to introduce alternative energy sources. Bioethanol produced from lignocellulosic biomass is considered as the alternative and sustainable resource for renewable fuel, which can relieve the pressure of the energy crisis, and helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions [1,2,3]. Lignocellulosic biomass contains polymers of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin bound together in a complex structure.
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