Abstract
A strain isolated from the oil reservoir in northern China was identified as Geobacillus pallidus by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. It could grow at a temperature of 45–80°C and salinity of 0–15% (w/v) and synthesize biosurfactant by using crude oil as sole carbon source under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. The yields of biosurfactant were ≈ 9.8 g/L and ≈ 2.8 g/L, respectively. Compositional analysis revealed that the fractionated components and compositions of the purified biosurfactant differed between aerobic (glycosides ≈ 50.3%, lipids ≈ 34.5%, peptide ≈ 15.2%, w/w) and anaerobic (glycosides ≈ 53.8%, lipids ≈ 31.2%, peptide ≈ 26.0%, w/w) conditions. The critical micelle concentrations of aerobic and anaerobic biosurfactant were 0.016 g/L and 0.022 g/L, respectively. Gas chromatography analysis indicated that strain H9 had a preference for utilizing medium- and long-length alkanes (C23–C43) under aerobic conditions, and degrading long alkanes (C33–C43) under anaerobic conditions. Physical simulation results showed that strain H9 and its biosurfactant have great potential use in microbial enhanced oil recovery, especially in high temperature and salinity oil reservoirs.
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