Abstract
Dogs are the main urban reservoir of Leishmania infantum, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), which is transmitted by sand flies. In the state of Paraná, the first detection of a positive dog for VL was in 2014, this year Paraná lost free status for this disease (VL). The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Palotina, the occurrence of vectors that may transmit Leishmania infantum, and the number of notifications of human visceral leishmaniasis cases from period 2010 to 2020. To determine the occurrence of canine visceral leishmaniasis, blood samples from 204 dogs were analyzed using the rapid test DPP® to detect anti-L. infantum antibodies. To investigate the occurrence of potential vectors, monthly collections were made at 18 points within the urban area of the municipality. The number of human visceral leishmaniasis cases was investigated from Epidemiological Surveillance records. None of the serologically tested dogs showed positive titration. Only two specimens of Lutzomyia neivai, one of Lutzomyia sp. and four of Brumptomyia brumpti specimens were collected. No human visceral leishmaniasis cases were reported. These results suggest that there is no evidence of circulation of L. infantum in Palotina.
Highlights
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an infection caused by Leishmania infantum and is a serious public health problem in many countries
Migonemyia migonei was the species most found in endemic areas in a study carried out in Pernambuco and 4% were infected with the parasite L. infantum suggesting that the vector may be related to transmission (Carvalho et al, 2010)
The samples were analyzed in the Cell Biology Laboratory - Instituto Carlos Chagas / Fiocruz-PR using the rapid test based on Dual Path Platform (DPP®) Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis - BioManguinhos test, which is a fast and qualitative test for the detection of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies
Summary
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an infection caused by Leishmania infantum and is a serious public health problem in many countries. This parasite can infect dogs, causing canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL), a systemic disease that presents with different clinical signs such as dermatitis, lymphadenomegaly, muscular atrophy, and renal failure (Nascimento et al, 2020). Leishmania infantum in Brazil is transmitted by Lutzomyia species L. longipalpis and L.cruzi. Migonemyia migonei was the species most found in endemic areas in a study carried out in Pernambuco and 4% were infected with the parasite L. infantum suggesting that the vector may be related to transmission (Carvalho et al, 2010). In Rio Grande do Sul, Rêgo et al (2019) found that neither of these species transmitted L. infantum, and suggesting that Pintomyia fischeri may be an L. infantum vector
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