Abstract
Abstract CD1d-restricted natural killer T (NKT) cells regulate the immune system in response to a broad range of diseases. The CD1d/NKT antigen presentation pathway is largely conserved between human and mouse, however, there is distinct difference between the two species. To better study human CD1d antigen presentation in an in vivo setting, we have generated a human CD1d knock-in (KI) mouse. We have expressed human CD1d (hCD1d) in place of mouse CD1d (mCD1d). The expression of hCD1d was verified on CD4+CD8+DP thymocytes and thymic dendritic cells, which are involved in NKT cell positive and negative selections, respectively, in thymus. CD1d-α-GalCer tetramer+ invariant NKT (iNKT) cells have been shown in thymus, spleen and liver. However, reduced numbers of iNKT cells were observed in these organs compared to that in wild-type mice. Among these iNKT cells, Vβ8 has been over-represented comparing with wild-type mouse, suggesting hCD1d preferentially selects for mouse Vβ8 chain, which is highly homologous to human Vβ11 chain. In vitro presentation of various glycolipids by BMDCs from hCD1d KI mice showed that hCD1d is functional in presenting different groups of lipids. Furthermore, lipid administration in the KI mice showed that in vivo hCD1d-restricted NKT cells are functional. In summary, our hCD1d KI mouse can be a novel model for in vivo studying hCD1d-specific antigen presentation in antitumor and antimicrobial immunity as well as autoimmune diseases.
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