Characterization of a functionally graded material of Ti-6Al-4V to 304L stainless steel with an intermediate V section

Abstract

This work examines a functionally graded material, fabricated using additive manufacturing, that grades from Ti-6Al-4V to 304L stainless steel (SS304L) through an intermediate introduction of V. V was incorporated to preclude the formation of Fe-Ti phases in the direct joining of stainless steels and Ti-alloys. The addition of V resulted in cracking at the transition from 25 vol% SS304L/75 vol% V to 50 vol% SS304L/50 vol% V, thus the build was halted prior to the transition to 100 vol% SS304L. Through experimental investigations and thermodynamic calculations, this crack was found to be due to the formation of brittle σ-FeV.