Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a major pulse crop in Israel grown on about 3000 ha spread, from the Upper Galilee in the north to the North-Negev desert in the south. In the last few years, there has been a gradual increase in broomrape infestation in chickpea fields in all regions of Israel. Resistant chickpea cultivars would be simple and effective solution to control broomrape. Thus, to develop resistant cultivars we screened an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutant population of F01 variety (Kabuli type) for broomrape resistance. One of the mutant lines (CCD7M14) was found to be highly resistant to both Phelipanche aegyptiaca and Orobanche crenata. The resistance mechanism is based on the inability of the mutant to produce strigolactones (SLs)—stimulants of broomrape seed germination. LC/MS/MS analysis revealed the SLs orobanchol, orobanchyl acetate, and didehydroorobanchol in root exudates of the wild type, but no SLs could be detected in the root exudates of CCD7M14. Sequence analyses revealed a point mutation (G-to-A transition at nucleotide position 210) in the Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase 7 (CCD7) gene that is responsible for the production of key enzymes in the biosynthesis of SLs. This nonsense mutation resulted in a CCD7 stop codon at position 70 of the protein. The influences of the CCD7M14 mutation on chickpea phenotype and chlorophyll, carotenoid, and anthocyanin content were characterized.
Highlights
IntroductionPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis was applied to seeds of a wild-type (WT) F01 chickpea breeding line (Kabuli type), and 3000 families of the second generation were tested for resistance to both P. aegyptiaca and O. crenata
Chickpea mutant CCD7M14 was produced by EMS mutagenesis
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important legume crop grown on over 10 million ha in at least 37 countries worldwide, including India (65%), Pakistan (10%), Iran (8%), and Turkey (5.5%). In Israel chickpea is one of the main legume crops, grown on about 3000 ha with an average yield of about 3.5 t/ha. The two broomrape species in Israel, Egyptian broomrape (Phelipanche aegyptiaca Pers.) and crenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata Forsk.), have become a major problem in chickpea field production [2]
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