Abstract
In this paper, a novel electrode material based on Pr, Ni co-doped strontium titanate (Sr0.7Pr0.3)xTi1−yNiyO3 with constant amount of 30% praseodymium dopant, different amount of nickel (y = 0.06 and y = 0.10) and additional nonstoichiometry in Sr-site (x = 1; x = 0.9 and x = 0.8) was investigated as fuel electrode for SOEC devices. A porous ceramics were prepared by solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed single phase materials with perovskite structure. Ex-solution method makes the grain surface covered by nickel nanoparticles. The influence of nickel amount, non-stoichiometry, synthesis and reduction conditions on formation of nanoparticles was investigated. Size, distribution and ability to agglomeration of Ni nanoparticles were analyzed by the scanning electron microscopy. The quantity of ex-soluted Ni particles was calculated from magnetization measurement. The total electrical conductivity of samples was measured by DC 4-wire method in the range of 100–800 °C at different atmospheres. Electrical measurements showed total electrical conductivity higher than 10 S cm−1 in a wide temperature range. All obtained results confirmed that analyzed donor and acceptor co-doped SrTiO3 materials with Ni nanoparticles after ex-solution process should be a good candidate to improve a catalysis process on fuel electrode surface.
Highlights
During the last 20 years, it has been reported, that the reversible solid oxide cells (SOC) are a potential technology to obtain an energy in different forms
The SOC which can be used for hydrogen or synthetic fuel production is called Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOECs)
In order to define the structure of the analyzed (Sr0.7Pr0.3)xTi1−yNiyO3 samples, the X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were done
Summary
During the last 20 years, it has been reported, that the reversible solid oxide cells (SOC) are a potential technology to obtain an energy in different forms. The electrochemical resistance related to the rate of the redox reactions (oxidation and reduction) which takes place on the triple phase boundary (TPB) points can be overcome i.a. by the introducing of metallic particles [4] One of these methods is to incorporate the metal as a dopant into the material sublattice during the synthesis in air, which can be exsolved at the grain-surface in the metallic form of catalytically active metal nanoparticles under reducing conditions. In case of these type of dopants, exsolution takes place rather in the bulk than on the surface of material grains [13] It was reported [7, 9, 14] that the A-site nonstoichiometry (A/B < 1) has a great influence on the exsolution process in perovskites with a harder-to-reduce cations. The structure, redox cycles stability and general magnetic and electrical properties of sintered ceramics were investigated in regards to SOEC cathode application
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