Characterization, Antioxidant, Anti-Aging and Organ Protective Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Flammulina velutipes

Fangfang Yuan,Huaping Li,Yiwen Zhang,Yanbo Feng,Zheng Gao,Wenshuai Wang,Jianjun Zhang,Xinling Song,Le Jia,Chunyan Huang,Wenbo Liu

doi:10.3390/molecules24193517

Abstract

As an irreversible and complex degenerative physiological process, the treatment for aging seems strategically necessary, and polysaccharides play important roles against aging owing to their abundant bioactivities. In this paper, the antioxidant and anti-aging activities of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FPS) and its sulfated FPS (SFPS) on d-galactose-induced aging mice were investigated. The in vitro antioxidant activities demonstrated that SFPS had strong reducing power and superior scavenging effects on 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radicals and the chelating activities of Fe2+. The in vivo animal experiments manifested that the SFPS showed superior antioxidant and protective abilities against the d-galactose-induced aging by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activities, decreasing lipid peroxidation, improving the inflammatory response and ameliorating the anile condition of mice. Furthermore, the structural analysis of SFPS was investigated through FT-IR, NMR, and HPLC analysis, and the results indicated that SFPS was a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide with a weight-average molecular weight of 2.81 × 103 Da. Furthermore, SFPS has also changed in characteristic functional groups and monosaccharide composition compared to FPS. These results suggested that sulfated modification could enhance the anti-oxidation, anti-aging and protective activities of F. velutipes polysaccharides, which may provide references for the development of functional foods and natural medicines.

Highlights

It has been reported that aging is an irreversible and complex degenerative physiological process that occurs in various parts of the body and can lead to the gradual loss of body function and increases the risk of various chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, cognitive impairment, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and multiple cancers [1,2,3]
The Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPLC) spectroscopy analysis of sulfated FPS (SFPS) and Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FPS), and the results revealed that a predominant glucosyl linkage is α form, while SFPS has a smaller molecular weight, which is in accordance with the important role of glucose in the antioxidant process
The present work showed that the SFPS had potential antioxidant abilities in vitro, anti-aging and protective effects in vivo, against the d-galactose-induced aging mice

Summary

Introduction

It has been reported that aging is an irreversible and complex degenerative physiological process that occurs in various parts of the body and can lead to the gradual loss of body function and increases the risk of various chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, cognitive impairment, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and multiple cancers [1,2,3]. The d-galactose aging animal model has the advantages of simple and easy modeling, low prices and stable results [4]. It is the most commonly used method for preparing aging animal models in the world. This model is widely used in the screening of drugs for delaying aging and preventing and treating Alzheimer’s disease [5,6].

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion