Abstract
Exosomes are endosome-derived extracellular vesicles that allow intercellular communication. However, the biological significance of adipocyte exosomal RNAs remains unclear. To determine the role of RNAs from bovine adipocytes and exosomes in bovine adipogenesis, exosomal and nonexosomal RNAs were extracted from three bovine primary white adipocyte samples and then profiles were generated using DNBSEQ/BGISEQ-500 technology. The RNAome of adipocytes consisted of 12,082 mRNAs, 8589 lncRNAs, and 378 miRNAs for a higher complexity that that detected in exosomes, with 1083 mRNAs, 105 lncRNAs, and 48 miRNAs. Exosomal miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA networks were constructed and enrichment analysis was performed to predict functional roles and regulatory mechanisms. Our study provides the first characterization of RNAs from bovine adipocyte and exosomes. The findings reveal that some RNAs are specifically packaged in adipocyte-derived exosomes, potentially enabling crosstalk between adipocytes and/or other cells that is mediated by exosomes. Our results greatly expand our understanding of exosomal RNAs from bovine adipocytes, and provide a reference for future functional investigations of adipocyte exosomal RNAs under normal physiological conditions.
Highlights
In mammals, adipose tissues serve as the largest energy storage organs, playing crucial roles in whole body energy homeostasis by secreting multiple active substances, such as adipokines [1]
Alterations in the mass of white adipose tissue (WAT) result from changes in white adipocyte number and/or size, in processes known as hyperplasia and hypertrophy, respectively
Adipocyte hyperplasia is related to a complex crosstalk between the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes, and this crosstalk is tightly regulated by both cell cycle regulators and differentiating factors
Summary
Adipose tissues serve as the largest energy storage organs, playing crucial roles in whole body energy homeostasis by secreting multiple active substances, such as adipokines [1]. White adipocytes can recycle and release fatty acids through lipogenesis and lipolysis, respectively, and brown adipocytes consume glucose and lipids to modulate thermal homeostasis [3]. Alterations in the mass of white adipose tissue (WAT) result from changes in white adipocyte number and/or size, in processes known as hyperplasia and hypertrophy, respectively. The synthesis or uptake of fatty acids leads to the accumulation of lipids in adipocytes, resulting in hypertrophy [4]. The function of WAT as a dynamic secretory organ with pleiotropic functions was recently demonstrated, as diverse factors released by adipocytes can directly act on cells (autocrine) or interact with neighboring (paracrine) or distant (endocrine) cells to affect a variety of biological and pathological processes [5]
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