Abstract
Cordyceps fumosorosea, an insect pathogenic fungus, produces different toxins/secondary metabolites which can act as pest control agents. This study reports the extraction and characterization of crude mycelial extracts of C. fumosorosea isolate SP502 along with their bio-efficacy against Bemisia tabaci and Aphis craccivora. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometery and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of C. fumosorosea isolate SP502 extracts showed the presence of five major compounds—Trichodermin, 5-Methylmellein, Brevianamide F, Enniatin and Beauvericin—which all may potentially be involved in insecticidal activity. The HPLC analysis of C. fumosorosea mycelial extracts and Beauvericin standard showed similar chromatographic peaks, with the content of Beauvericin in the crude toxin being calculated as 0.66 mg/ml. The median lethal concentrations of C. fumosorosea mycelial extracts towards first, second, third and fourth instar nymphs of A. craccivora were 46.35, 54.55, 68.94, and 81.92 µg/mL, respectively. The median lethal concentrations of C. fumosorosea mycelial extracts towards first, second, third and fourth instar nymphs of B. tabaci were 62.67, 72.84, 77.40, and 94.40 µg/mL, respectively. Our results demonstrate that bioactive compounds produced by C. fumosorosea isolate SP502 have insecticidal properties and could, therefore, be developed into biopesticides for the management of B. tabaci and A. craccivora.
Highlights
Introduction published maps and institutional affilBemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a species complex containing36 or more cryptic species, continues to be a major threat to field crop production across the globe [1,2]
Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was performed to find the functional groups of the active compounds based on the peak value in the infrared region (Figure 1 and Table 1)
This study reports the characterization of mycelial extracts produced by C. fumosorosea-SP502 and their toxicity against nymphal instars of B. tabaci and A. craccivora
Summary
Introduction published maps and institutional affilBemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a species complex containing36 or more cryptic species, continues to be a major threat to field crop production across the globe [1,2]. Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a species complex containing. (MEAM1) (previously known as “Biotype B”) is by far the most common. It is the most notoriously invasive species of the Bemisia species complex, having increased greatly during the last twenty years [3,4]. Aphis craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae), known as cowpea aphid, is a major pest of cowpea and other crops in different regions of the world [7]. Both nymphs and adults can damage the crops.
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