Abstract
A green, direct and cost-effective fabrication method is proposed for Eco-environmentally silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through leaf extraction of Carya illinoinensis from Iran. Formation of Ag NPs was confirmed through different characterization techniques such as UV–Vis Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). UV-Visible spectrophotometer showed absorbance peak at 440 nm due to the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). Based on XRD results and SEM and TEM analysis, AgNPs were crystalline with face-centered cubic geometry and in different sizes ranged 12–30 nm. Furthermore, FTIR Spectroscopy was utilized to recognize the specific functional groups responsible for reducing ion silver to silver nanoparticles and the capping agents available in the leaf extract. In addition, the antibacterial effect of Eco-friendly synthesized nanoparticles and also leaf extract, were evaluated on four pathogens by implementing minimum inhibitory concentration test (MIC) and agar diffusion assay. The MIC results exhibits more inhibiting activity against gram-negative microorganisms (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) rather than gram-positive microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes). Compared to leaf extract, nanoparticles have better antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Highlights
Noble metal nanoparticle synthesis, Ag, Pt, Au, and Pd in particular, are extensively studied in the last decade, due to their peculiar characteristics for applications in catalysis, photothermal therapy, water purification, pharmaceutical formulation, electronics, optics, environmental, drug delivery, and biotechnology [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7].Most recently, green synthesis methods using plants and microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, algae, and the like have attracted tremendous attention
The ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectra of the prepared solution were captured at different time intervals from 1 min up to 24 h, where distilled water was used as a blank
The present study proposes an eco-friendly, fast and convenient green route for synthesizing AgNPs through implementing Carya illinoinensis leaf extract at ambient temperature
Summary
Ag, Pt, Au, and Pd in particular, are extensively studied in the last decade, due to their peculiar characteristics for applications in catalysis, photothermal therapy, water purification, pharmaceutical formulation, electronics, optics, environmental, drug delivery, and biotechnology [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7].Most recently, green synthesis methods using plants and microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, algae, and the like have attracted tremendous attention. Ag, Pt, Au, and Pd in particular, are extensively studied in the last decade, due to their peculiar characteristics for applications in catalysis, photothermal therapy, water purification, pharmaceutical formulation, electronics, optics, environmental, drug delivery, and biotechnology [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]. By using plant extracts (PE), metal nanoparticles have the most immense implications for synthesizing nanoparticles with big scale and without additional impurities in order to minimize hazardous solvents, and reduce agents and stabilizers to develop environmentally benign technologies in material synthesis [8, 9, 10, 11]. Unlike pecan nut and kernel, few studies have been conducted regarding the phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of pecan leaves [28]. There is few report on phytochemical compositions of pecan's leaves in literature, it seems the phenolic acids, flavonoids and tannins in the leaves of C. illinoensis, revealed by HPLC, might be responsible for the the purified pellets were placed on a petri plate and dried at 70 C for 5 h
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