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Abstract
Early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer using current imaging modalities remains challenging. We have developed a new approach to identify tumor lesions ≥ 3 mm in the pancreas by positron emission tomography (PET) with a new intraperitoneally administered 64Cu-labeled anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody (encoded as NCAB001), called 64Cu-NCAB001 ipPET. Generally, in clinical research, a radiometal-antibody complex must be prepared immediately before use at the imaging site. To make 64Cu-NCAB001 ipPET available to daily clinical practices in a sustainable way, the NCAB001-chelator conjugate and 64Cu-NCAB001 must be characterized and stabilized. NCAB001 was manufactured under cGMP conditions. NCAB001 was conjugated with a bifunctional chelator (p-SCN-Bn-PCTA), and the antibody-chelator conjugate (PCTA-NCAB001) was characterized by LC/MS and ELISA. Thereafter, to effectively manufacture 64Cu-NCAB001, we developed a new formulation to stabilize PCTA-NCAB001 and 64Cu-NCAB001. An average of three PCTA chelators were conjugated per molecule of NCAB001. The relative binding potency of PCTA-NCAB001 was comparable to cetuximab. The formulation consisting of acetate buffer, glycine, and polysorbate-80 stabilized PCTA-NCAB001 for a year-long storage. Additionally, this formulation enabled the stabilization of 64Cu-NCAB001 for up to 24 h after radiolabeling with a sufficient radioactivity concentration for clinical use. These results may accelerate the future use of 64Cu-NCAB001 ipPET in clinical settings for the early diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Highlights
An average of PCTA molecules conjugated to NCAB001 was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS)
Relative binding potency of NCAB001 and the antibody-chelator conjugate, PCTAThe relative binding potency of NCAB001 and the antibody-chelator conjugate, PCTANCAB001, against recombinant human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
NCAB001 and PCTA-NCAB001 had a comparative potency to cetuximab, which was used as the referPCTA-NCAB001 had a comparative potency to cetuximab, which was used as the reference ence standard (Figure 2)
Summary
EGFR is a good target for the imaging diagnosis of early pancreatic cancer with positron emission tomography (PET). Among the radionuclides applicable to PET imaging, we chose copper-64 (64 Cu) to label EGFR since its half-life is suitable for the imaging of radiolabeled antibodies in humans. It can be produced using a biomedical cyclotron [10]. We labeled the clinically available anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab with 64 Cu and intraperitoneally (ip) administered it to an orthotopic xenograft mouse model of small resectable (
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