Characterization and Potential Antidiabetic Activity of Proanthocyanidins from the Barks of Acacia mangium and Larix gmelinii

X Chen,J Xiong,F Wang,Q He

doi:10.1155/2019/4793047

X Chen, J Xiong + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4793047

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Abstract

Proanthocyanidins in ethanol extracts from the barks of Acacia mangium and Larix gmelinii were analyzed by gel permeation chromatography, MALDI-TOF/TOF MS, and HPLC/MS. The inhibitory effects of proanthocyanidins and acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of proanthocyanidins against carbolytic enzymes were also tested. A significant relationship between carbolytic enzymes inhibition and degree of polymerization was established, showing that the degree of polymerization is a major contributor to the biological activity of the proanthocyanidins from both types of woody plant bark. The results indicate that proanthocyanidins from the barks of A. mangium and L. gmelinii have potential antidiabetic properties.

Highlights

Proanthocyanidins (PAs), known as condensed tannins, are widely distributed in almost all plant-based foods and beverages and are comprised of oligomerized/polymerized flavan-3-ol monomer units [1] with molecular weights between 500 and 30000 Da [2]. e monomeric flavanols differ in their hydroxylation patterns and stereochemistry at C-3. e most common monomers are the diastereomers (+)-catechin/ (−)-epicatechin, (−)-gallocatechin/(−)-epigallocatechin, and (+)-afzelechin/(−)-epiafzelechin, and their respective oligomeric components and polymers are called procyanidins, prodelphinidins, and propelargonidins [2]
For extracts rich in procyanidins, propelargonidins, and prodelphinidins, their degree of polymerization (DP) and types of flavanols can be analyzed by using the method of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis in the presence of excess phloroglucinol, and the reaction mechanism is displayed in Figure 1 [4]
For extracts rich in some uncommon PAs such as profisetinidin and prorobinetinidin, their DP are usually analyzed by using MALDI-TOF/MS and gel permeation chromatography for that interflavanyl bond of profisetinidin and prorobinetinidin is stable in acid hydrolysis [5]

Summary

Introduction

Proanthocyanidins (PAs), known as condensed tannins, are widely distributed in almost all plant-based foods and beverages and are comprised of oligomerized/polymerized flavan-3-ol monomer units [1] with molecular weights between 500 and 30000 Da [2]. e monomeric flavanols differ in their hydroxylation patterns and stereochemistry at C-3. e most common monomers are the diastereomers (+)-catechin/ (−)-epicatechin, (−)-gallocatechin/(−)-epigallocatechin, and (+)-afzelechin/(−)-epiafzelechin, and their respective oligomeric components and polymers are called procyanidins, prodelphinidins, and propelargonidins [2]. Proanthocyanidins (PAs), known as condensed tannins, are widely distributed in almost all plant-based foods and beverages and are comprised of oligomerized/polymerized flavan-3-ol monomer units [1] with molecular weights between 500 and 30000 Da [2]. Flavanol monomers are usually linked by C4-C6 or C4-C8 bonds (B-type PAs). For extracts rich in procyanidins, propelargonidins, and prodelphinidins, their DP and types of flavanols can be analyzed by using the method of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis in the presence of excess phloroglucinol, and the reaction mechanism is displayed in Figure 1 [4]. For extracts rich in some uncommon PAs such as profisetinidin and prorobinetinidin, their DP are usually analyzed by using MALDI-TOF/MS and gel permeation chromatography for that interflavanyl bond of profisetinidin and prorobinetinidin is stable in acid hydrolysis [5]. Owing to the special antioxidant properties and other physiological activities of PAs, known to reduce risk factors associated with certain types of diseases, the chemical connectivity and biological activities of PAs have been extensively studied [1, 6,7,8]

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