Abstract
In this study, the organelle genomes of Polytrichum juniperinum Hedw. and Polytrichum strictum Menzies ex Brid. (Polytrichaceae, Bryophyta) from Antarctica were sequenced and compared with the plastomes of the model moss species Physcomitrella patens Brid. The sizes of the cpDNA in P. juniperinum and P. strictum were estimated to be 55,168 and 20,183 bp, respectively; the sizes of the mtDNA were 88,021 and 58,896 bp, respectively. The genomes are very similar to each other, with the possible loss of petN in the cpDNA, which also showed some gene inversions when compared with the cpDNAs of P. patens Brid. In the mtDNA, it is possible that rps10 was lost. In contrast, Antarctic Polytrichaceae species have nad7 and orf187, without the occurrence of rearrangement events. Phylogenomic analyses of the plastid and mitochondria revealed that the majority-rule tree suggests some differences in the plastids ancestry, however, P. juniperinum and P. strictum were grouped in the same clade in chloroplast, but in mitochondria P. strictum was grouped with Atrichum angustatum (Brid.) Bruch & Schimp. This study helped us understand the evolution of plastomes and chondriosomes in the family Polytrichaceae, and suggest a hybridization event with relation to the mitochondrial data.
Highlights
Polytrichum is a cosmopolitan genus with a bipolar distribution [1]
A set of 16,333,496 single-end reads of Polytrichum juniperinum and 16,679,733 single-end reads of Polytrichum strictum was generated with a mean length of 170 bp from a 3/3 run on an Ion Torrent sequencer in PGM plattform
The representation of the two plant cell genomes in the data were as follows: 103,776 reads were mapped to the chloroplast genome of P. juniperinum with a coverage level of 10083, and 32,931 reads to the mitochondria of P. juniperinum with coverage level of 2988; 58,624 reads to the chloroplast of
Summary
Polytrichum is a cosmopolitan genus with a bipolar distribution [1] (from the Arctic lands to the Antarctic Continent). The outcome of Diversity 2018, 10, 89; doi:10.3390/d10030089 www.mdpi.com/journal/diversity
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