Abstract
The application and modification of natural lignin in water treatment have attracted significant attention recently. An environmental friendly lignin-based flocculant (LBF) with enhanced flocculation effect was prepared from paper mill sludge in this work. The flocculation performance of LBF in combination with polyaluminium chloride (PAC) was evaluated for treatment disperse dye wastewater. Structure characterizations by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) confirmed that acrylamide (AM) and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DADMAC) monomers were grafted onto the backbone of alkaline lignin (AL) successfully. The results demonstrated that adding LBF as the coagulant aid greatly improved the decoloration capacity. LBF was more pH-independent and shear-independent than commercial polyacrylamide (CPAM) due to the enhanced charge neutralization and bridging action. Considerable improved floc properties and color removals occurred in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+. In contrast, significant decrease in flocculation performance was observed in the presence of SO42− with or without LBF.
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