Characterization and Morphological Typology Of Fig Variety (Ficus carica) In The Tlemcen Region

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to describe morpho-biometric and identify fig varieties in Tlemcen region, based on 33 morphological markers (24 qualitative and 9 quantitative traits). The samples collected are processed by the ImageJ software for taking measurements. The statistical analysis was carried out using the SAS version 9 software. The results of the descriptive analysis of morphological traits studied allowed us to describe each variety and estimated the variability associated with each character of the different varieties sampled. The results of the principal Component Analysis (PCA) allowed the distinction of nine groups. Comparison of the data collected for each two-to-two variety and the estimate of the square distance between them showed that there is a highly significant difference between all local varieties. Then the comparison between local varieties and imports allowed the population to be separated into 16 distinct groups. Statistical analysis identified skin color as the primary discriminating factor between local varieties followed by fruit length, apical branching and leaf count per shoot. Statistical analysis of qualitative and quantitative morphological data from the 33 characters in study is to be effective for the distinction of new local varieties. That said, morpho-biometric description and local variety identification must be verified by the molecular tool to embark on an effective program of management and genetic improvement of this important biological resource.