Characterization and Management of Late Postoperative Capsular Block Syndrome Following Phacoemulsification or Phacovitrectomy

Abstract

To compare the clinical characteristics of eyes affected by late postoperative capsular block syndrome (CBS) after routine phacoemulsification or phacovitrectomy, and to demonstrate the outcomes of neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) capsulotomy and posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis (PCCC) in the treatment of CBS. Retrospective interventional case series study. Twenty-eight patients with late postoperative CBS, comprising 13 eyes after phacoemulsification (Group A) and 15 eyes after phacovitrectomy (Group B), were analyzed. Seventeen patients with minimal (degree I), mild (II), and moderate (III) posterior capsular opacification (PCO) underwent Nd:YAG capsulotomy (Group A, 10 eyes and Group B, 7 eyes), while 11 patients with severe (degree IV) PCO underwent PCCC (Group A, 3 eyes and Group B, 8 eyes). A statistically significant postoperative improvement in best-corrected visual acuity (Group A, P= .0002 and Group B, P= .0070) and a significant postoperative decrease in aqueous flare value (Group A, P= .0077 and Group B, P= .0127) were observed. No significant differences were observed in intraocular pressure, aqueous depth, and diopters (P > .05). No surgical complications were experienced by either group. Late postoperative CBS had similar characteristics whether it developed after phacoemulsification or after phacovitrectomy. Nd:YAG capsulotomy and the PCCC technique are efficient approaches to mild and moderate PCO and severe PCO with CBS, respectively. PCCC may be a viable alternative for treating dense PCO with CBS in pseudophakic eyes.