Abstract

AbstractOn May 25, 2016, an artificial riverbank of the Arno River collapsed just upstream from the famous Ponte Vecchio bridge in the city of Florence, Italy, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. An anal...

Highlights

  • The historic center of Florence, Italy, was added to the World Heritage List (WHL) of UNESCO in 1982

  • The filling material and the alluvial deposits were classified (ASTM 1985) as silty sand (SM), while the Sillano Formation is classified as low plasticity silt (ML)

  • The shear strength parameters of filling material and alluvial deposits are typical of granular soils with cohesion equal to zero kPa and average frictional angles (°) of 26° and 35°, respectively

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Summary

Introduction

The historic center of Florence, Italy, was added to the World Heritage List (WHL) of UNESCO in 1982. The present historic center covers 5.05 km and is bounded by the remains of the city’s fourteenth-century walls. The historic center of Florence has suffered many geohydrological disasters, such as floods, landslides, and riverbank failures. The following events are worthy of mention: (1) the November 4, 1966, flood of the Arno River in Florence that killed 18 people and damaged or destroyed millions of art masterpieces and rare books (De Zolt et al 2006), and (2) the slope instabilities of San Miniato Hill’s northern slope in the historic city center of Florence documented and studied since the Renaissance (Fanti et al 2006). Several monuments in the area, have been repeatedly damaged by the presence of what has historically been interpreted as a large, slow-moving landslide (Fanti et al 2006)

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