Abstract
Handwriting is usually suspected of any alterations or falsifications in litigation activities. Hence, handwriting verification of documents is an important part to solve legal dispute caused by parties in the field of forensic science. For the first time, headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) was applied for the reliable analysis of the distinguishment of sophisticated compositions in ink samples. The volatile organic compounds of seven common ink species were investigated. Topographic photographs of HS-GC-IMS provided the differentiation of various gel-pen inks with quickly and intuitively. Based on visual assessments and precise qualitative analysis, a total of 95 selected volatile compounds were characterized on feature map. Ketones, eaters and alcohols were the significant components from the recognizable fingerprint gallery in HS-GC-IMS. Chemometric models, such as Principal component analysis (PCA), heatmap and Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), clearly identified the differences of volatile substances and discriminated the origins of gel-pen ink samples. Therefore, HS-GC-IMS as an effective and accurate comprehensively instrument was appropriate for the discrimination of various gel-pen ink species, which would contribute to establish the corresponding ink database and further explain the document dating in forensic science.
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