Abstract
A biosurfactant producing bacterium was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa DNM50 based on molecular characterization (NCBI accession no. MK351591). Structural characterization using MALDI-TOF revealed the presence of 12 different congeners of rhamnolipid such as Rha-C8-C8:1, Rha-C10-C8:1, Rha-C10-C10, Rha-C10-C12:1, Rha-C16:1, Rha-C16, Rha-C17:1, Rha-Rha-C10:1-C10:1, Rha-Rha-C10-C12, Rha-Rha-C10-C8, Rha-Rha-C10-C8:1, and Rha-Rha-C8-C8. The radical scavenging activity of rhamnolipid (DNM50RL) was determined by 2, 3-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay which showed an IC50 value of 101.8 μg/ ml. The cytotoxic activity was investigated against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line by MTT (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay which showed a very low IC50 of 0.05 μg/ ml at 72 h of treatment. Further, its activity was confirmed by resazurin and trypan blue assay with IC50 values of 0.01 μg/ml and 0.64 μg/ ml at 72 h of treatment, respectively. Thus, the DNM50RL would play a vital role in the treatment of breast cancer targeting inhibition of p38MAPK.
Highlights
Biosurfactants are a group of amphipathic compounds that moderate the surface and interfacial tension of liquids (De almeida et al, 2016; Gudiña et al, 2016)
The results clearly indicate the antiproliferative effect of RLs, emphasizing induction of apoptosis
Sequencing files (.ab1 format) were edited with CHROMASLITE and analyzed with the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) against the closest culture sequence retrieved from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database, which identifies regions of local similarity between sequences
Summary
Biosurfactants are a group of amphipathic compounds that moderate the surface and interfacial tension of liquids (De almeida et al, 2016; Gudiña et al, 2016). They harbor saturated and unsaturated fatty acids as hydrophobic moieties along with polysaccharides, peptides, amino acids, and anions/cations as hydrophilic moieties. There are different groups of biosurfactants, out of which glycolipids are the most preferred due to their low molecular weight (Banat et al, 2014a). They can be synthesized using hydrocarbons, agro-industrial waste, frying and olive oil wastes (Inès and Dhouha, 2015). Rhamnolipids (RLs) are the extensively studied glycolipid based biosurfactant due to its properties such as low critical micellar concentration (CMC: 10–200 mg/ L), surface tension reduction (up to 28–31 mN/ m), high emulsification index (60–70%), and high production in a short period of time (Gudiña et al, 2016).
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