Abstract
BackgroundThe brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stå;l), which belongs to Homopteran, Delphacidae, is one of the most serious and destructive pests of rice. Feeding BPH with homologous dsRNA in vitro can lead to the death of BPH, which gives a valuable clue to the prevention and control of this pest, however, we know little about its small RNA world.Methodology/Principal FindingsSmall RNA libraries for three developmental stages of BPH (CX-male adult, CC-female adult, CY-last instar female nymph) had been constructed and sequenced. It revealed a prolific small RNA world of BPH. We obtained a final list of 452 (CX), 430 (CC), and 381 (CY) conserved microRNAs (miRNAs), respectively, as well as a total of 71 new miRNAs in the three libraries. All the miRNAs had their own expression profiles in the three libraries. The phylogenic evolution of the miRNA families in BPH was consistent with other species. The new miRNA sequences demonstrated some base biases.ConclusionOur study discovered a large number of small RNAs through deep sequencing of three small RNA libraries of BPH. Many animal-conserved miRNA families as well as some novel miRNAs have been detected in our libraries. This is the first achievement to discover the small RNA world of BPH. A lot of new valuable information about BPH small RNAs has been revealed which was helpful for studying insect molecular biology and insect resistant research.
Highlights
IntroductionAs there is increasingly more research on small RNAs,the use of small RNA was increased, especially in the field of RNA interference (RNAi) [1,2,3,4]
Small RNAs caused a radical revolution in biology in recent years
A lot of new valuable information about brown planthopper (BPH) small RNAs has been revealed which was helpful for studying insect molecular biology and insect resistant research
Summary
As there is increasingly more research on small RNAs,the use of small RNA was increased, especially in the field of RNA interference (RNAi) [1,2,3,4] These 18 to 30 nucleotide-long sequences regulate various biological processes, often by interfering with mRNA degradation and hindering translation, or causing epigenetic phenomena [5]. They are not translated into proteins and have different forms, of which the three best-understood classes are microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and piwi-associated RNAs (piRNAs). Feeding BPH with homologous dsRNA in vitro can lead to the death of BPH, which gives a valuable clue to the prevention and control of this pest, we know little about its small RNA world
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