Characterization and behavior of Hydrogen Sulfide plumes released from active sulfide-tar springs, Hit-Iraq

Abstract

The characteristics and behavior of the H2S pollution plume in the emission zone of spring water and wastewater are determined by a total of 120 readings of H2S in the air and 24 samples of dissolved gas analysis during the observation period. Monitoring data is adjusted to determine the behavior of air pollution plumes and their relationship to emission sources by using statistical techniques and spatial analysis. The value of H2S emissions to the atmosphere was 6.62 kg/year by an emission factor of 0.0055 mg/s. The study revealed an important correlation between the continuous emission of H2S and its sources from springs and wastewater that is explained by exponential relation Fit (Y = a ebX), [H2S concentration. In air (mg/1000 cc)] = 0.00015 exp {0.0107 (H2S conc. In water mg/l)}. The spatial distribution maps of H2S showed that 38% of Hit's space is exposed to H2S concentration under the influence of the unpleasant odor, eye irritation, and corrosion in infrastructure parts (air conditioning apparatus). The characteristics of the H2S pollution plume, which were reflected in the behavior of H2S distribution of the exposed area, varied due to the variation of dispersion processes resulting from wind speed change. The concentration of H2S was 11.6 times when the wind speed decreased by 15.7 times. The wind speed affected the results of the mechanical dispersion coefficient in a positive relationship. Vertical and horizontal mechanical dispersion values in unstable weather conditions increased by 192 times and 243 times than in extremely stable weather conditions.