Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl Leaf Ethanol Extract

Abstract

The leaves of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl is traditionally used to treat various diseases. Phaleria macrocarpa leaves contain flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, saponins, and steroids. This study aimed to identify the simplicia and extract, as well as the ethanol extract’s antioxidant activity, from Phaleria macrocarpa leaves. The extract was quantitatively tested using UV-Visible Spectrophotometry for its total phenol and flavonoid content. The DPPH IC50 test determined the antioxidant capacity. The simplicia characterization revealed a water content of 6.68 %, a water-soluble extract of 19.28 %, an ethanol-soluble extract of 19.31 %, a total ash content of 12.27 %, and an acid-insoluble ash content of 4.84 %. The ethanol extract’s characterization revealed a water content of 17.29 %, total ash content of 4.48 %, and acid insoluble ash content of 0.63 %. The flavonoid content was 55.08 mgGAE/g extracts, and the phenol level was 76.96 mgGAE/g extracts. The results of the DPPH test indicated that the ethanol extract of the leaves of Phaleria macrocarpa had a high potential for antioxidant activity, with an IC50 value of 73.91 ppm.