Abstract
We characterize and analyze the timing jitter of normal-dispersion mode-locked Er-fiber lasers with intra-cavity filtering. The timing jitter of Er-fiber lasers with 9-nm bandpass filters operating at + 0.0084 ps(2) is measured to be 3.46 fs (rms) when integrated from 10 kHz to 10 MHz offset frequency, which is similar to the jitter level of typical stretched-pulse or soliton Er-fiber lasers. The numerical simulation based on split-step Fourier transform method shows that the measured high-frequency jitter is quantum noise-limited performance. We also develop an analytical model for filtered normal-dispersion fiber lasers by modifying the well-established noise model of stretched-pulse fiber lasers. The analytical modeling reveals that the jitter performance is improved mostly by reducing the chirp parameter by intra-cavity filtering. Both numerical simulation and analytical model fit fairly well with the measured timing jitter result.
Highlights
Ultralow timing jitter femtosecond mode-locked lasers can be used for timing synchronization [1,2,3,4], optical sampling and analog-to-digital conversion [5], low-noise microwave generation [3,6,7], photonic radars [8], and optical interconnection [9], to name a few
We show the accurate timing jitter measurement result of normal-dispersion ( + 0.0084 ps2) Er-fiber lasers with 9-nm intra-cavity filtering
We develop an analytical model for filtered normal-dispersion fiber lasers by modifying the Namiki-Haus noise model for stretched-pulse fiber lasers [20]
Summary
Ultralow timing jitter femtosecond mode-locked lasers can be used for timing synchronization [1,2,3,4], optical sampling and analog-to-digital conversion [5], low-noise microwave generation [3,6,7], photonic radars [8], and optical interconnection [9], to name a few. It was shown that high-frequency (>10 kHz) timing jitter could reach the sub-femtosecond regime by narrow intra-cavity filtering Combining these experimental findings with the high stability and reproducibility of dissipative soliton solution [17], intracavity filtering in a normal-dispersion Er-fiber laser may lead to a more robust and higher energy optical pulse train generator with femtosecond timing jitter at telecommunication wavelength. The integrated timing jitter is 3.46 fs (rms) when integrated from 10 kHz to 10 MHz offset frequency This jitter number is fairly low, corresponding to a similar level with that of stretched-pulse Er-fiber laser operating at positive dispersion (net-cavity dispersion = + 0.004 ps2) [18] or all-fiber soliton Er-laser mode-locked by a carbon nanotube saturable absorber (net-cavity dispersion = −0.055 ps2) [19]. Numerical simulation and analytical modeling of the measured timing jitter spectrum
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