Characterization and analysis of shopping mall solid waste composition for refuse derived fuel and black soldier fly (case study: X shopping mall in Central Jakarta City)

Abstract

This study identified and analysed the composition of solid waste generated by retail malls in Central Jakarta City, with a particular emphasis on determining the potential applications of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) and Black Soldier Fly (BSF) technologies. The research involved exhaustive waste samplings, taken at various activities within multiple X shopping mall in order to determine the categories and amounts of waste generated. The collected samples were subjected to a thorough analysis to determine the proportion of organic and inorganic refuse and assess their suitability for processing using the RDF and BSF techniques. The investigation revealed that X Shopping Centre’s solid refuse consists primarily of inorganic waste (77.42%) and organic waste (22.58%). Essential waste characteristic analyses were conducted to determine the combustion energy potential of the inorganic waste, yielding a moisture content of 41%, an ash content of 6%, a volatile matter content of 94%, and a calorific value of 10,502 kcal/kg. Using information on waste composition and characteristics, the study investigated the potential use of RDF and BSF technologies to manage and repurpose the generated waste. The RDF processing potential was calculated to be 8.77 tons per day, while the BSF processing potential was 3.11 tons per day. This estimate illustrates the substantial capacity of these technologies to manage and convert large quantities of refuse into valuable resources. In addition, the study assessed the monetary implications of implementing RDF and BSF technologies in the context of X Shopping Mall. The estimated investment required to implement these technologies is 11,198,926,800 IDR.