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Abstract
In this study, the X-ray attenuation by 2 mm matrix composites of epoxy-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) filled with different percentages of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles has been investigated using both mammography and general radiography units. The effect of adding thermosetting polymer (epoxy) over thermoplastic polymer (PVA) on the dispersion of n-Bi2O3 within the composite was explained using both secondary and backscattered scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that the X-ray attenuation by the 2 mm n-Bi2O3/epoxy-PVA composites was increased with the increase of n-Bi2O3 loading while increasing the tube voltage from 23 to 100 kV. Moreover, X-ray was not detected by the composite filled with n-Bi2O3 more than 12 wt% at the tube voltage between 23 and 35 kV. This indicated that the matrix composite with 2 mm thickness filled with ≥ 12 wt% of n-Bi2O3 may be used as an X-ray-shielding material for the lower X-ray photon energies operated between 23 and 35 kV by the diagnostic X-ray machine.
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