Characteristics of varieties and hybrids of oriental persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) by signs of productivity

Abstract

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) is one of the main subtropical horticultural crops on the coast of The Black Sea on Caucasus. As a result of the study, the biological characteristics of passage of phenological phases, as well as the biometric growth performance of plant and development (diameter of the stem and total growth of shoots) of eleven varieties and bred eastern persimmons hybrids in the humid subtropical zone of the Krasnodar Territory. A comparative assessment of the development of trees is given, where the largest diameter of the stem was observed in the variety ‘Djiro’ - 75.0 mm; interspecies hybrid №99 (‘MVG Omarova’) - 74.9 mm and ‘Hachia’ - 68.5 mm. Initiation of flowers and the formation of fruits proceeds at the first growth of the current year and this indicator is responsible for the crop. Were noted he best varieties with active growth of the shoot ‘Djiro’ - 39.7 cm, ‘Hiakume -39.1 cm and ‘Hachia’ - 37.9 cm. In overall development the best results have Djiro’, ‘Hachia’ and ‘MVG Omarova’, less active tree growth was noted in the smallest varieties - Kiara constant ’and hybrid No. №39, ‘Zenji-Maru’, ‘Geili ’. As a result of research, we marked out the most productive varieties and hybrids of eastern date-plum Hiakume’,‘Hachia’,‘Djiro’, ‘Seedles’, ‘Zenji-Maru’, ‘Khostinsky ’, hybrid №39 and ‘MVG Omarova’. Of these, the most productive for four years of fruiting were the varieties: 'Hiakume' - whose yield is 82.5 c/ha, 'Hachia' - 73.5 c/ha and 'Djiro' - 72.0 c/ha, these varieties are characterized active growth of shoots, high fruit set, as well as varieties with large fruits, such as 'Hiakume' -231 g and 'Hachia' -228 g.