Abstract
The turbulent flow within short canopy gaps with lengths $L/h$ = 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4, where $h$ denotes the canopy height, is experimentally investigated using planar particle image velocimetry. A thorough examination of the time-averaged streamwise and wall-normal velocities, shear layer growth, turbulent kinetic energy, Reynolds shear stress, and two-point correlations suggests a classification of the flow into two regimes: a skimming flow regime and a shear layer growth regime. In contrast with the skimming flow regime, the shear layer and enhanced turbulence exhibit deep penetration within the gaps and promote mixing in the shear layer growth regime.
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