Abstract
Characterizing soil microbial community is important for forest ecosystem management and microbial utilization. The microbial community in the soil beneath Camellia oleifera, an important woody edible oil tree in China, has not been reported before. Here, we used Illumina sequencing of 16S and ITS rRNA genes to study the species diversity of microorganisms in C. oleifera forest land in South China. The results showed that the rhizosphere soil had higher physicochemical properties, enzyme activities and microbial biomass than did the non-rhizosphere soil. The rhizosphere soil microorganisms had a higher carbon source utilization capacity than the non-rhizosphere soil microorganisms, and attained the highest utilization capacity in summer. The soil microbial community of C. oleifera was characterized by rich ester and amino acid carbon sources that played major roles in the principal functional components of the community. In summer, soil microbes were abundant in species richness and very active in community function. Rhizosphere microorganisms were more diverse than non-root systems in species diversity, which was associated with soil pH, Available phosphorous (AP) and Urease (URE). These results indicated that microbial resources were rich in rhizosphere soil. A priority should be given to the rhizosphere microorganisms in the growing season in developing and utilizing soil microorganisms in C. oleifera plantation. It is possible to promote the growth of C. oleifera by changing soil microbial community, including carbon source species, pH, AP, and URE. Our findings provide valuable information to guide microbial isolation and culturing to manage C. oleifera land.
Highlights
Fixed compounds are released into the soil, especially rhizosphere soil, through root exudates and plant residues by green plants (Hütsch, Augustin & Merbach, 2002; Shah et al, 2016)
Microorganisms participate in biochemical processes such as soil ammoniation and nitrification, by promoting soil organic matter decomposition and nutrient conversion, and they are the primary drivers of biochemical cycles (Moreau et al, 2019)
Due to the presence of soil rhizosphere microorganisms, the soil quality in the rhizosphere of C. oleifera is superior to non-rhizosphere soil, which is more conducive to the growth of C. oleifera
Summary
Fixed compounds are released into the soil, especially rhizosphere soil, through root exudates and plant residues by green plants (Hütsch, Augustin & Merbach, 2002; Shah et al, 2016). Microorganisms participate in biochemical processes such as soil ammoniation and nitrification, by promoting soil organic matter decomposition and nutrient conversion, and they are the primary drivers of biochemical cycles (Moreau et al, 2019). They play extremely important roles in the formation of soil fertility and the transformation of plant nutrients
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