CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GALECTIN 3 INDICATORS IN PYELONEPHRITIS ON THE BACKGROUND OF THE VESICULO-URETRAL REFLEXES IN CHILDREN OF EARLY AGE

Abstract

Introduction .Today there is a pressing need to find markers that are determined not only during the inflammatory process, but also directly involved in the pathogenesis of fibrosis in the kidneys. It is known that one of the prophylactic factors is galectin 3 [1,4]. Galectin-3 is involved in many biological processes, such as myocardial fibrosis, endogenous inflammation, cell growth and proliferation, apoptosis, and also acts as an inducer of macrophage migration, etc. [2, 3]. However, today in the sources of literature there are single and contradictory data on the indicators of this marker in inflammatory kidney diseases in young children.That is why the purpose of our study was to determine the levels of galectin-3 as a marker of fibrosis in young children suffering from pyelonephritis in the background of bladder-ureteral reflux.Materials and methods. In our work, we used materials obtained during the examination of 100 infants of young children with pyelonephritis. The verification of the diagnosis was carried out on the basis of in-depth examination in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 627 of November 3, 2008. "On treatment of children with infections of the urinary system and tubulointerstitial nephritis". The content of galectin-3 was determined by ELISA with Human Galectin-3 (Platinum ELISA; eBioscience, Benger MedSystems, Austria). Statistical processing of the results of the study was carried out using standard methods of biometrics on a personal computer in the framework of statistical packages Exel 2013, Statistics 2010 The difference between the indices of different groups was considered reliable at р <0,05.Research results and their discussion. During the study, we showed high rates of galectin-3 in the presence of bladder-ureteral reflux in children (8.59 ± 1.03) [95% CI, 6.49-10.69] ng / ml. The concentration of this marker was significantly lower in the children of the comparison group (2.97 ± 0.94) [95% CI, 1.77-4.17] ng / ml and in the practically healthy subjects (1.5 ± 0.19) [ 95% CI, 0.82-2.21] ng / ml, p <0.01. The highest rate of galectin 3 was recorded in children from the 2nd to 3rd year. (10.3 ± 1.34 ng / ml.) [95% CI, 8.54-11.64 ng / ml] significantly differed from that in children in the 1st to 2nd year. (7.72 ± 0.55 ng / ml) (p <0.05) [95% CI, 6.22-11.34 ng / ml] and 1 ms -1. (5.0 ± 0.76ng / ml) (p <0.05) [95% CI, 3.29-6.85 ng / ml], respectively. Among the children of the main group of male subjects, the galectin 3 was 9.84 ± 1.21, [95% CI, 7.86-11.82] ng / ml, whereas in girls this marker was 1.5 times less ( 6.3 ± 0.95 [95% CI, 4.78-7.28] ng / ml (p <0.05). The same tendency was observed in primary pyelonephritis (in males - 4.01 ± 0.94 [ 95% CI, 2.98-5.05] ng / ml, in girls - (2.78 ± 0.83) [95% CI, 1.28-4.28] ng / ml) (p <0, 05).It was found that the value of galectin 3 in the main group was significantly more significant, in which the renal cortical index was higher than 0.17 (9.67 ± 1.92) [95% CI, 8.17-11.23 ng / ml] than in the children of the comparison group in which the index of the renal-cortical index was within the normal range (4.36 ± 1.17) [95% CI, 3.42-5.3] ng / ml (p <0.01). At the same time, in 7 of the patients with group comparison, we found that with an increase in the renal cortical index, the level of galectin 3 (4.56 ± 1.02 ng / ml) also increased, however, it was significantly lower than in children with secondary genesis of the disease (p <0.01). It was established that with an increase in the duration of the inflammatory process in the kidneys, the level of the index of fibrosis was increased.ConclusionsPlasma concentrations of galectin-3 are significantly higher in children with pyelonephritis in the background of bladder-ureteral reflux than in children with primary pyelonephritis, which indicates a possible fibrosis in the kidneys. In the majority of children (76.02%), the increase in the index of galectin 3 with an increase in the renal cortical index was established. It was found that with increasing duration of pyelonephritis, levels of prophylactic index increased, indicating the need to determine galletin 3 in young children as a marker for early fibrosis.