Abstract
This study systematically investigates the overburden movement and strata behavior at a fully-mechanized top coal caving (FMTCC) face in a thick coal seam in a loess-covered gullied region by field measurement and theoretical analysis. A comparative analysis was performed to examine how the attitude of surface gullies and the structure of overburden affect face support resistance. The characteristics and evolution mechanism of strata behavior during FMTCC under gully slopes in a loess-covered gullied region were discovered through a mechanical analysis of the roof structure and a comparison to the mining of a typical shallow seam under gully slopes. The study found that as the FMTCC face advanced, the strata behavior initiated in the middle part of the face and then continued to both ends, and its intensity was higher in the middle part than in the upper and lower parts. During mining under gullies, the increases in support resistance were generally less than 5% (except for the maximum increases of 7–9%), indicating that the occurrence of gullies on the surface had little influence on the strata behavior at the FMTCC face. Due to the increased burial depth and the number of key strata, the roof at the FMTCC face under gullies formed a stable load-bearing structure called a voussoir beam, which was the key difference from the strata behavior characteristics in the shallow mine under gullies.
Highlights
Advancements in mining technology and equipment have made fully-mechanized top coal caving (FMTCC) an important mining technique that can ensure safe and efficient production in mines with suitable conditions [1,2,3,4,5]
The characteristics and mining under gully slopes has behavior been focused oncoal-face shallow were seams, and, coal seamsanalysis buried evolution mechanism of strata at this revealed through a mechanical at 200 to 300 maunder gullies,with especially those being minedduring by FMTCC, have rarely been of depths the roofofstructure and comparison strata behavior observed the mining of a typical studied
The results described above suggest that the presence of gullies on the loess-covered surface led to increases in support resistance at the FMTCC face in this thick coal seam
Summary
Advancements in mining technology and equipment have made fully-mechanized top coal caving (FMTCC) an important mining technique that can ensure safe and efficient production in mines with suitable conditions [1,2,3,4,5]. Research has been conducted on the characteristics of overburden movement and strata behavior during the fully-mechanized mining of shallow coal seams under gully slopes. A method for classifying slopes’ susceptibility to thework influence of results have been obtained from both gully the theoretical and practical on the shallow seam mining was developed based on the relationship of slope angle and slope height with characteristics of overburden failure and strata behavior during the fully-mechanized mining of the intensity strataunder behavior. The characteristics and mining under gully slopes has behavior been focused oncoal-face shallow were seams, and, coal seamsanalysis buried evolution mechanism of strata at this revealed through a mechanical at 200 to 300 maunder gullies,with especially those being minedduring by FMTCC, have rarely been of depths the roofofstructure and comparison strata behavior observed the mining of a typical studied.
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