CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECTED PHYSICOCHEMICAL INDICES OF UPLAND CARBONATE STREAM WATER WITH COARSE-GRAINED SUBSTRATE

Agnieszka Policht-Latawiec ,W Kanownik ,Ksymena Grubka

doi:10.12911/22998993.1125454

Agnieszka Policht-Latawiec , W Kanownik + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993.1125454

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Abstract

Hydrochemical research was conducted in 2011 at three measurement-control points on the Sztola river, a left-bank tributary to the Biala Przemsza river. Water temperature and pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, oxygen saturation and electrolytic conductivity were measured directly in the field. 11 selected physicochemical indices of the Sztola surface water were assessed in the laboratory. The analysis of the research results revealed that the water of the Sztola along the analyzed river reach was first class quality. The analysis of water usable qualities proved that at point 1 it can be used for water supply after high-performance physical and chemical treatment, whereas at other points after a typical physical and chemical treatment, due to high manganese concentrations. Water does not meet the requirements of natural habitat for the Salmonoid fish only at point 1 because of exceeded standard values for nitrites. The Cyp rinid fish have the proper habitat conditions along the examined river reach. Among 15 analysed physiochemical indices of water, 7 were statistically higher in the lower course, but they did not affect worsening of the Sztola river water quality. Greater water pollution in the central and lower river reach is caused by the anthropogenic pressure connected mainly with the operations of extraction industry in the catchment.

Highlights

Water quality is determined by many natural factors, such as: topography, soil properties, intensity of lack of atmospheric [Xiao et al 2014] and anthropogenic precipitations [Kanownik et al 2013], which contribute to a considerable water loading with nutrients [Wang et al 2014], pesticides, fertilizers [Monaghan et al 2005] and other inorganic and organic substances [Wilcock et al 2006]
During the whole period of the investigations water at the analyzed river reach was characterized by very good oxygen conditions – the saturation level was over 100% and did not exceed 133%, whereas dissolved oxygen concentration was higher than 7 mg·dm-3
The Sztoła river water may be used for drinking water supply for people, due to high concentrations of manganese and total iron, it must be subjected to an appropriate physical and chemical treatment

Summary

Introduction

Water quality is determined by many natural factors, such as: topography, soil properties, intensity of lack of atmospheric [Xiao et al 2014] and anthropogenic precipitations [Kanownik et al 2013], which contribute to a considerable water loading with nutrients [Wang et al 2014], pesticides, fertilizers [Monaghan et al 2005] and other inorganic and organic substances [Wilcock et al 2006]. An assessment of the efficiency of catchment management policy is so important [Ferraz et al 2013], especially based on increasingly better applications for modelling and forecasting ecological hazard to waters, including both climatic and anthropogenic factors [Lai et al 2013]. Understanding ecological processes is very important for sustainable management of surface and ground waters in a catchment [Di and Cameron 2005]

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